Retirement Planning
401(k), IRA, Roth, and retirement strategies
Plan your retirement with confidence. Understand 401k rollovers, IRA contribution limits, Roth conversion strategies, and withdrawal planning.
Common Questions About Retirement Planning
Recent Retirement Planning Questions
View allHow much should I have saved for retirement by age 40, 50, 60?
I've heard the '10x salary by retirement' rule, but what are the checkpoints along the way? I'm 42 with $180k saved. Salary is $85k. Am I behind? Ahead? My comp…
Social Security at 62 vs 67 vs 70 - the real break-even math
I can take Social Security at 62 ($1,800/mo), 67 ($2,600/mo), or 70 ($3,200/mo). The conventional wisdom says wait, but what if I don't live that long? What's t…
Pension lump sum vs monthly annuity - how do I decide?
I have a pension from 28 years at the same company. Options: $3,800/month for life (single life), $3,200/month (joint & survivor 100%), or lump sum of $680,000.…
What happens to my 401k if my company goes bankrupt?
Reading news about layoffs and company closures. My 401k has $180k in it, mostly in company stock (40%) and index funds. Two questions: 1) Is my 401k protected …
How much should I have in 401k at age 40 to retire at 65?
I'm 40 with $180k in 401k, contributing $10k/year. On track for comfortable retirement at 65? What's the 'rule of thumb' for 401k balance at different ages?
401k contribution limits 2025 - how much can I actually put in?
I want to max out my 401k this year. I've heard the limit is $23,500 but there's also catch-up contributions for people over 50. I'm 52. What's my total max con…
Backdoor Roth IRA step-by-step - how do I actually do this?
Income too high for direct Roth contribution ($180k). Everyone says 'backdoor Roth' but I don't understand the steps. Do I need empty traditional IRA first?
Mega backdoor Roth 401k - can I really contribute $69k per year?
Coworker says he's doing 'mega backdoor Roth' contributing way more than $23k limit. How is this possible? Does my 401k need special features?
Social Security spousal benefit - how much does my non-working spouse get?
My wife never worked (stayed home with kids for 20 years). I have a strong Social Security record. What spousal benefit is she entitled to? Does she have to wai…
Social Security at 62, 67, or 70 - when should I actually take it?
I can retire now at 62 or keep working. Social Security would be $2,100 at 62, $3,000 at 67, or $3,720 at 70. Have $600k saved. Everyone says wait but I want to…
Retiring at 55 - how do I access 401k without 10% penalty?
Planning to retire at 55 with $1.2M in 401k. Need to live off it until Social Security at 67. How do I withdraw money before 59.5 without paying penalty? Rule o…
SECURE 2.0 Act changes - what do I need to know for 2025 retirement planning?
I keep seeing headlines about SECURE 2.0 Act changes taking effect. Catch-up contributions changed? RMD ages changed? New Roth 401k rules? Super catch-up at age…
What happens to my Social Security if I work while collecting benefits?
I'm 63 and plan to start Social Security early. I also plan to keep working part-time making about $25,000-$30,000 per year. I've heard there's an earnings limi…
Age 55 rule - can I retire at 55 and avoid early withdrawal penalty?
Plan to retire at exactly 55. Heard about 'rule of 55' that lets me withdraw from current employer 401k penalty-free. Is this true? How does it work?
Social Security break-even age - when does waiting until 70 pay off?
At 62: $2,200/month. At 70: $3,900/month. Need to live until 80 to break even. But what if I die at 75? Taking money now seems smarter. How do I decide?
Inherited IRA rules after SECURE Act - do I have to withdraw in 10 years?
Just inherited $400k IRA from my uncle. I'm 38. Heard new rules say I must empty it within 10 years? Can't stretch it over my lifetime anymore? This will crush …
Required minimum distributions - how to calculate and what account order to take from
Turning 73 this year and have to start RMDs. I have: Traditional IRA $400k, Roth IRA $150k, old 401k $200k, brokerage account $300k. My advisor says I can aggre…
Health insurance in early retirement - how do I cover gap until Medicare?
Retiring at 60, need health insurance for 5 years until Medicare. COBRA too expensive. ACA subsidy eligibility? What do most early retirees do?
401k loan vs hardship withdrawal - which is less bad for emergency?
Need $30k for emergency home repairs (foundation damage, can't wait). Have $200k in 401k. Should I take loan or hardship withdrawal? What are taxes and penaltie…
Roth conversion strategy in early retirement - convert while in low tax bracket?
Retiring at 55 with $800k in traditional IRA. Planning to live off savings until 59.5. Should I do big Roth conversions during these low-income years before RMD…
Retirement Planning Guides
All guides401(k) Contribution Limits and Strategies for 2025
Maximize your retirement savings with our complete guide to 401(k) contribution limits, catch-up contributions, and optimization strategies.
Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA: Complete Comparison Guide for 2025
Should you choose Roth or Traditional IRA? This guide breaks down tax treatment, income limits, withdrawal rules, and real-world examples to help you decide.
Social Security Optimization Guide: When to Claim Benefits for Maximum Lifetime Payout
Strategic guide to Social Security claiming decisions: early at 62, full retirement age, or delayed until 70 - with break-even analysis and spousal strategies.
Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA: Complete Comparison and Decision Guide
Comprehensive comparison of Roth and Traditional IRAs: tax treatment, contribution limits, income restrictions, and which account type is right for your situation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Should I roll over my 401k when I change jobs?
Usually yes, but it depends. Rolling over to an IRA typically gives you more investment options and lower fees. Never cash out — you'll owe taxes plus a 10% penalty under age 59½.
Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA: which should I choose?
Choose Roth if you expect to be in a higher tax bracket in retirement or want tax-free withdrawals. Choose Traditional if you want the tax deduction now and expect to be in a lower bracket later.
When should I start claiming Social Security?
You can claim as early as 62 (reduced benefits) or delay to 70 (maximum benefits). Each year you delay past full retirement age increases benefits by 8%.
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